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Can This Behavior Be Stopped?
As most of us know, your dog can wreak havoc with its
teeth. Whether the culprit is a young puppy exploring
her environment, an energetic juvenile displacing pent
up energy, or an adult dog acting out the distress of
thunderstorm phobia or separation anxiety, a canine with
a penchant for chewing can transform your valuable piano
to splinters in a matter of hours.
Because the reasons for chewing are so diverse, it
should be considered a sign or symptom of some
underlying motivation rather than a diagnosis, per se.
Before attempting to change your dog's chewing behavior,
it's first important to understand just why she's laying
into your stuff .
Curiosity Propelled Chewing
Puppies and juvenile dogs learn about their environment
by mouthing and gnawing on objects. Typically the
targets are random, and may include shoes, books or
bedposts. Investigational or “play-related”
destructiveness of this kind is a normal behavior for a
growing dog. Puppies seem to escalate such chewing
behavior around teething time. Whether chewing more at
this time facilitates dental eruption or simply reflects
a response to irritation or discomfort is unclear.
The most expedient solution to play-related
destructiveness is a dog crate. Ideally, your puppy
should be acclimated to a crate from the first day in
her new home. Also helpful for house-training, a crate
limits your pup's access to valuable items while
allowing her to rest and chew at her leisure on
appropriate items provided by you.
When your puppy must be left alone for long hours, a
crate's too confining and among other things, may force
your pup to stand or lie in her own urine or feces.
Instead, when you have to leave your pup for a few
hours, it is better to restrict your pup to a larger
area, such as a kitchen, by means of a baby gate.
Contrary to popular belief, your dog won't necessarily
stop chewing when she's grown to adult size. In fact,
some of the most profoundly destructive chewers are
young adults—not puppies. Sporting breeds (such as the
Labrador retriever) are well known for this type of
behavior. With room for individual differences, consider
strategic restriction or crating for your dog at times
when you can't supervise her until she's two years old.
Even then, introduce freedom only slowly and just for
short periods. Well-designed “food-for-work” toys, which
can be filled with biscuits or kibble, can keep your dog
busy for hours.
Anxiety-related Chewing
Playful chewing is dog-years apart from the
anxiety-based chewing of thunder-phobic dogs or dogs
severely upset when “abandoned” by their owners each
morning. In frenzied efforts to escape the house or find
her owner, a dog of this persuasion will dig and chew at
doorways, windowsills and curtains. She may also search
for shoes, pillows, purses and other personal items to
chew on. Unlike play-related chewing — which can happen
whether or not you're home — anxiety-related
destructiveness is most likely to happen when your dog
is alone.
Because such dogs are already stressed, punishment or
confinement (such as crating) isn't advisable because it
can make matters worse by increasing your dog's anxiety.
Separation anxiety is most easily identified by
videotaping the dog right after you leave (a camera can
be propped to focus on the door, for example). In most
cases, an affected dog will start to whine or bark, dig,
and even urinate or defecate within minutes of your
departure.
If your dog suffers from thunder phobia, she can cause
dramatic damage to your house on stormy days. In
contrast to the destructiveness of separation anxiety,
phobic behavior may be seen only once in a while. In
addition to thunder, your dog may develop fears of
fireworks, wind, and a variety of other noises.
Anxiety-related chewing is treated indirectly by
addressing the anxiety itself; if you suspect this to be
your dog's reason for chewing, ask your veterinarian for
help in addressing the problem. Most typically, a
temporary anti-anxiety medication will be prescribed —
along with a behavior-modification program — to help
your dog feel less stressed and react more calmly when
left alone or when exposed to storms. |